#microber2023 #inktober2022 Light: phage therapy offers a “light at the end of the tunnel” when faced with the antibiotic apocalypse. Phages can treat and kill these potentially life-threatening antimicrobial-resistant infections and save lives. #SciArt #phage
#microber2022 #inktober2022 Protect: bacteria have a whole host of systems such as CRISPR-Cas to protect them from bacteriophage infections. An individual bacterium is unlikely to carry all the different options as it would be too great a burden. #SciArt #Phage
#Microber2022 #inktober2022 18 Metal: metal ions such as calcium or magnesium chloride can be crucial to phage-host binding and hence reproduction. Forgetting the metal can lead to really disappointing results. #phage #SciArt
#microber2022 #inktober2022 14 Community: understanding microbial communities through sequencing, effort is focused on bacteria and their functions. Viruses (inc phages), fungi, etc are overlooked, but #phage are vitally important in shaping communities and functions #SciArt
#microber2022 #inktober2022 10 Time: time is critical for phage infection and successful proliferation. This could be because phages can only infect at a certain the growth stage, point in the diel cycle or prior to biofilm formation doi.org/10.1016/j.biof… #SciArt #Phage
#Microber2022 #inktober2022 7 Transform: to manipulate bacteria they are transformed by adding DNA that codes for a function of interest. Transforming phage is more complex, firstly the DNA is added to a host bacterium, which is infected with the #phage #SciArt
#PortfolioDay I'm Ellie and I like drawing microbes, particularly bacteria and #phage! #SciArt
Adhesion #Microber2021 #inktober2021 phages recognise and bind to host receptors, then irreversibly bind to inject their genomic material into the host to replicate #phage #SciArt
Strain #Microber2021 #inktober2021 there are many different strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae. They are classed as the same species, but show some genetic differences. This can be in the capsule genes that protect them from antibiotics and some phages #SciArt #phage
Leak #inktober2021 #Microber2021 sometimes host DNA leaks into new phage particles during packaging and can lead to horizontal gene transfer #SciArt #Phage #WorldPhageWeek
Sprout #inktober2021 #Microber2021 phages can be used to prevent disease-causing bacteria growing on food like Alfalfa sprouts which have been associated with food poisoning outbreaks #SciArt #Phage keep tuned for #WorldPhageWeek #WorldPhageDay 22nd October
Loop #inktober2021 #Microber2021 phages are part of the microbial loop which helps bacteria to proliferate, feeding higher tropic levels. Microbes use waste dissolved organic carbon from dead microbes (some killed by phages) to grow and replicate #SciArt #phage Not to scale!
Toxin #Microber2021 #inktober2021 some nasty bacteria infections such as Cholera, Botulism are due to toxins in temperate phages they carry. One reason temperate phages are avoided for phage therapy. 22 Oct #WorldPhageDay #Phage #SciArt Read more: frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
Division #Microber2021 #inktober2021 viruses are divided based on morphology, host range or genomes. Archaeal viruses can look similar to phages, but others are unique! Difficulties dividing phages along morphological lines mean ICTV will use genomes instead #SciArt #phage
“Watch” #inktober2021 infection dynamics of cyanophages are linked to diel light cycles. Some phages time infection with dawn and lysis of their hosts with the coming of dusk. They benefit from photosynthetic energy production and avoid being degraded by UV light #phage #SciArt
#Microber2021 day 7 - Phage Phages or bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. Our bacterium friend is in a risky situation.. as it looks like these phages are ready to infect it and use it to reproduce themselves throughout the lytic cycle. #sciart #phage #inktober2021
#Microber2021 7: PHAGE. Some pathogens are made by the phage that infect them. Without CTX #phage, Vibrio cholerae wouldn’t be able to make cholera toxin that makes it so ‘special’. #Inktober2021 #SciArt #PathogenPortraits
“Vessel” #inktober2021 my summer student Ishrath has been looking at phages in bottled water #SciArt #phage
"Crystal biofilm" #inktober2021, combining the standard and microbiology prompts! The temperate Pseudomonas phage Pf can help its host survive by forming a liquid crystal, making biofilms nearly impenetrable to antibiotics ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P… #Phage #SciArt
